Das, S. and Tripathy , S. and Pramanik, P. and Saha , B. and Roy, S. (2021) A novel nano-anti-malarial induces redox damage and elicits cytokine response to the parasite. Cytokine, 144. p. 155555.

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Abstract

Emergence and spread of resistant parasites to the newest chemotherapeutic anti-malarial agents are the biggest challenges against malaria control programs. Therefore, developing a novel effective treatment to reduce the overgrowing burden of multidrug resistant malaria is a pressing need. Herein, we have developed a biocompatible and biodegradable, non-toxic chitosan-tripolyphosphate-chloroquine (CS-TPP CQ) nanoparticle. CS-TPP CQ nanoparticles effectively kill the parasite through redox generation and induction of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in both sensitive and resistant parasite in vitro. The in vitro observations showed a strong inhibitory effect (p < 0.01) on pro-inflammatory cytokines more specifically on TNF-α and IFN-γ whereas CS-TPP CQ nanoparticles significantly elevated the anti-inflammatory cytokines- IL-10 and TGF-β. In addition, CS-TPP CQ nanoparticle significantly increased NO generation (p < 0.01) and altered the GSH/GSSG ratio 72 h after parasite co-culture with peripheral blood mononuclear cells culminating in the free radical induced parasite killing. CS-TPP CQ nanoparticle had an effective dose of 100 ng/ml against CQ-sensitive parasite lines (p < 0.001) whereas effective dose against CQ-resistant parasite line was 200 ng/ml CS-TPP CQ with an effective duration of 72 h (p < 0.001). Our studies suggest that CS-TPP CQ nanoparticle has a potential to modulate the pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, and to trigger the redox-mediated parasite killing. It can be a novel nano-based futuristic approach towards malaria control.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Infection and Immunity
Depositing User:	Mr. Rameshwar Nema
Date Deposited:	24 Nov 2021 07:23
Last Modified:	24 Nov 2021 07:23
URI:	http://nccs.sciencecentral.in/id/eprint/1065

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